Dies for making ax-polls



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY M. LOOMER, OF EAST DOUGLAS, ASSIGNOR TO THE DOUGLAS AXE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

DIES FOR MAKING AX-POLLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 348,921, dated September 7, 1886.

Application filed June 30, 1886.

To all whom it may concern-s Bc it known that I, HENRY M. LooMEu., of East Douglas, in the county of XVorcester and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dies for Making AX-Iolls and Similar Tools, of which the following isa specification.

My invention relates to the construction of dies for making aX-polls and similar tools 1o by rolling them into comparatively perfect shape, instead of swa ging them under the hammer, and it consists in forming thematrix ofthe die in thep'eriphery of apair of rolls orsegments thereof, in the manner hereinafter described.

The dies heretofore used for rolling axpolls into shape have been made with onehalf of the matrix in each roll,whercby a iin of metal would be produced around three edges 2c of the blank at its median line,which necessitated considerable subsequent labor to reduce it to a perfectlyformed poll. My improved construction obviates this difficulty.

I construct my dies either in the periphery of a pair of rolls or in blocks of metal having one cylindrically-curved side, which may be keyed into a pair of rolls. The portion ofthe matrix of the dies which is to give shape to the head and eye portion of the axpoll or 3o other tool I form of the same dimensions in cach roll-that is,cqual to one-half of the head and eye portion ofthe article. The portion of the matrix of the dies which is to give shape to the remainder of the tool-that is, the bit end-I form wholly in one roll, and upon the other roll which is to operate in connection with it I form a projection or die-punch, which will fit accurately into this latter portion of the matrix, thus forming what maybe 4o termed male andfemale dies. The faces of the twodies which are opposed to eachother in the rolling operation, and which give shape to the sides of the blank, are cylindrical surfaces, as nearly as the contour of the sides of the ax or other tool will allow, and should have equal radii; but, on account of the tapering form of tool to be produced, these cylindrical faces of the dies are not concentric with the peripherics of the rolls. They are so 5o located, however, with relation to each other that the matrix-space embraced between them Serial No. 206,075. (No model.)

will be divided into equal parts by the eXtension of the cylindrical surface ofthe periphery of either roll, from the head end toward the bit end of the dies.

The blanks which these dies are intended to operate upon are such as have already had an eye punched therein, and during the process of rolling them into proper shape have an eye-pin inserted in the eye, and in order to 6o accommodate this eye-pin where it projects beyond the edges of the blank as it passes between the rolls I provide a depression or groove at the location of the eye upon each side of the matrix in each die sufciently large to allow the ends of the eye-pin to pass between the rolls without being subjected to any material pressure; and the eye-pin, by bearing against the sides of these grooves,also acts as a stop or gage for controlling the pcsi- 7o tion of the eye portion of the blank during the rolling operation. As soon as the opposed operating-faces of the dies in the two rolls begin to act upon the cheeks of the toolover the eye pin, its bearing against the sides of 7 3 grooves toward the bit end of the ax impedes the flow of the metal in that direction, and consequently it is forced in the opposite direction, or toward thehead ofthe ax, andw thus the head of the blank will be crowded 80 against the sides of the matrix at the headforming end, and the corners of the head of the blank would, in the dies heretofore in use, be sheared off, to prevent which, however, Ichamfer or bevel off the walls of the dies at the head end sufficiently to allow the extension ofthe blank in that direction without being forced against the ends of the die. The .walls of the dies at the head end will riotinterfere with this elongation of the blank if 9o they are beveled off beginning on a line in a plane tangent to the curve of the operatingi'ace ofeach die at aposition corresponding to the upper or head end of the eye of the ax. This end of each die may, howevcr,be cut away still lower and operate successfully.

In the drawings forming a part of this specification, Figure l is a sectional view through a pair of segments of rolls on line am,

as indicated in Fig. 2, having my improved roc dies cut therein. Fig. 2 is a top view of the lower roll, showing the outline of the matrix therein. Fig. 3 is an edge View of an axpoll after it has been rolled in my improved dies, the dotted line showing the outline of the blank before it is rolled. Fig. 4 is a side view of the same poll and blank.

Corresponding parts are indicated by the .same letters in the several figures.

A is the lower roll; B, the upper roll; C, the journals of the rolls; a a, the part of the matrix in each die equal to one-half the head and eye portion of the blank; l), the portion of the matrix wholly in the one die; c, the projection or die-punch on the other die,which operates in connection with portion b of the matrix to shape the bit end of the tool.

d d are the depressions or grooves for the reception of the ends of the eye-pin.

e e indicate the portions of the dies where they are chamfered off at the head end of the matrix.

D is an edge View of an ax-poll after it has been operated upon by my improved dies, and E a side view of the same. v

The heavy dotted line in each ligure shows the dimensions ofthe blank before it isrolled.

The operation of the dies is as follows: After an eye has been punched in the blank and an eye-pin driven into it the head end is inserted into the dies between the rolls, just as the outer edges of the chamfered portions e e are opposite one anotherand in a plane passing through the axes of the two rolls, and as they revolve the metal of the blank is forced toward the bit end of the die until the rolls have revolved sufficiently to act upon the cheeks of the blank over the eye-.pin, when its ends will find a bearing against the side of the grooves (l d toward the bit end of the blank, and thus impede the llow of the met-al in that direction until the operating-faces of the dies beyond the eye portion begin to act upon the blank. Then the projecting portion e upon the upper roll will pass within the sides of the portion b of the matrix in the lower roll, and as the metal of the blank is forced forward into Vthis matrix portion b it will be prevented from flowing out and forming a lin around the edgespf the blank, and a perfectlyformed poll will be produced.

Iclaim- 1. A pair of rolls or segments thereof having in each of their peripheries one part of a pair of dies which are adapted to operate together for rolling 'ax-polls and similar tools, and which have the matrix produced thereby formed as follows: that portion which shapes the head and eye part of the tool contained equally in each die; that portion which shapes the remainder of the tool contained wholly in Y one die, and a projection or die-punch to operate in connection with this latter portion of the matrix contained upon the other die, the respective opposed operating-faces of the two dies being substantially cylindrical surfaces having equal radii, and so located in relation to each other that the matrix-space embraced between them will be divided through its 1ne dian line by a cylindrical surface having the same axis and the same radius as the periphery of either roll at the head end of the dies.

2. A pair of ax-dies having the surfaces of their opposed operating-faces formed in curves which are substantially the arcs of cirA cles having the same radii, and with one-half of that portion of the matrix which forms the head of the ax in each die, and the entire matrix which forms the remainder of the ax in one die, and an opposed projecting diepuneh on the other, substantially as described.

3. A pairof dies for rolling axes and similar tools, formedin the periphery ofa pair ol' rolls or segments thereof, and having cylindrically-curved opposed operating-faces, and the walls of the dies at the head ends thereof cut away, in the manner and for the purpose substantially as described.

HENRY M. LOOMER.

Vitnesses:

ALBERT E. LYoNs, R. L. RoBERTs. 

